عَنْ جابرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قال: قالَ لي النَّبِيُّ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «لو قدْ جاءَ مالُ الْبَحْرَيْنِ أعْطَيْتُكَ هكَذا وهكذا وَهَكَذا» فَلَمْ يَجئْ مالُ الْبحْرَيْنِ حَتَّى قُبِضَ النَّبِيُّ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم، فَلَمَّا جَاءَ مَالُ الْبَحْرَيْنِ أَمَرَ أبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَنَادى: مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ عنْدَ رسولِ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم عِدَةٌ أوْ دَيْنٌ فَلْيَأْتِنَا، فَأتَيتُهُ وقُلْتُ لَهُ: إنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم قال لي كَذَا وَكَذَا، فَحثَى لي حَثْيَةً، فَعدَدْتُها، فَإذا هِيَ خَمْسُ مِئَةٍ، فقال لي: خُذْ مِثْلَيْهَا. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: "When the wealth of Bahrain comes, I will give you this much and this much and this much." But the wealth of Bahrain did not come until the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had passed away. When the wealth of Bahrain came, Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) gave orders and it was announced: "Whoever had a promise or a debt owed to him by the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), let him come to us." So I came to him and said: "The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said such-and-such to me." He scooped up a handful for me, and I counted it, and it was five hundred. Then he said to me: "Take twice as much." Agreed upon (al-Bukhari and Muslim).
الشرح · explanation
مال البحرين: أي أموال الزكاة ونحوها التي يتم جلبها من هناك إلى المدينة النبوية. هكذا وهكذا وهكذا: التكرار كناية عن كيفية الأخذ وأنه كان ثلاث مرات، وفي رواية للبخاري زيادة "فبسط يديه ثلاث مرات". قُبض: توفاه الله تعالى إليه. عِدَة: أي شيء وعده به. فحثى لي حثية: أي غرف له من المال بيديه.
"The wealth of Bahrain": that is, the zakat funds and the like that were brought from there to the Prophet's city (Madinah). "This much and this much and this much": the repetition alludes to the manner of giving, that it was three times; in a narration of al-Bukhari there is the addition, "and he spread out his hands three times." "Passed away": Allah the Exalted took him unto Himself. "A promise": that is, something he had promised him. "He scooped up a handful for me": that is, he scooped up some of the wealth for him with his hands.
الدروس · lessons
بيان كرمه صلّى الله عليه وسلّم وبذله لصحابته الكرام رضي الله عنهم. جواز أن يعِد الإنسان غيره بعطاء معلَّق على أمر ليس في يده. من تولى مسؤولية معينة مطالب بأن يوفي بالتزامات المسؤول السابق ووعوده وألَّا يتجاهلها.
A demonstration of his (peace and blessings be upon him) generosity and his giving to his noble Companions (may Allah be pleased with them). It is permissible for a person to promise another a gift contingent upon something not yet in his possession. Whoever takes on a particular responsibility is obligated to fulfill the commitments and promises of the previous officeholder and not to disregard them.