عَنْ أبي شُرَيْحٍ خُوَيْلدِ بنِ عمرٍو الخزاعيّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قالَ: سَمِعْتُ رسولَ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ يقولُ: «مَنْ كانَ يُؤمِنُ بِاللهِ واليوْمِ الآخِرِ فَلْيُكرِمْ ضَيفَهُ جَائِزَتَهُ» قالوا: وما جَائِزَتُهُ يا رسولَ اللهِ؟ قالَ: «يَومُهُ وَلَيْلَتُهُ، والضِّيَافَةُ ثَلاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ، فما كانَ وَرَاءَ ذلكَ فهو صَدَقَةٌ عليهِ» مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ. وفي روايةٍ: «لا يحِلُّ لِمُسلمٍ أنْ يُقِيمَ عِنْدَ أَخِيهِ حتَّى يُؤْثِمَهُ» قالوا: يا رسولَ اللهِ، وكَيْفَ يُؤْثِمُهُ؟ قال: «يُقِيمُ عِنْدَهُ وَلا شَيءَ لَهُ يَقْرِيهِ بِهِ».
Abu Shurayh Khuwaylid ibn Amr al-Khuzai (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him honor his guest with his special due." They said: "And what is his special due, O Messenger of Allah?" He said: "His day and his night. Hospitality is for three days, and whatever is beyond that is charity to him." Agreed upon (al-Bukhari and Muslim). In another narration: "It is not lawful for a Muslim to stay with his brother until he causes him to sin." They said: "O Messenger of Allah, how does he cause him to sin?" He said: "He stays with him while he has nothing with which to offer him hospitality."
الشرح · explanation
جائزته: عطيّته. يؤثمه: يوقعه في الإثم. يقريه به: يكرمه ويضيفه به.
"His special due (ja'izah)": his gift. "Causes him to sin (yu'thimuhu)": leads him into sin. "To offer him hospitality (yaqrihi)": to honor and host him with it.
الدروس · lessons
أن الضيافة ثلاثة أيام من حقوق الأخوة، والزيادة عن ذلك صدقة وزيادة تفضّل. المطلوب من المضيف أن يبالغ في إكرام ضيفه في اليوم الأول وليلته، وفي باقي اليومين يأتي بما تيسر. يكره للمسلم أن يقيم ضيفًا عند أخيه وهو يعلم أنه فقير ليس عنده ما يضيفه إلّا بإذنه حتى لا يوقعه في الإثم، كالغيبة له والوقيعة فيه.
Hospitality for three days is among the rights of brotherhood, and anything beyond that is charity and an added favor. The host is asked to be especially generous in honoring his guest on the first day and its night, and on the remaining two days to provide what is convenient. It is disliked for a Muslim to stay as a guest with a brother whom he knows to be poor, having nothing to offer for hospitality, unless it is with his consent, so as not to lead him into sin, such as backbiting him or disparaging him.