عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قالَ: كنَّا إِذا حضَرْنَا معَ رسولِ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ طَعَامًا، لَم نَضَعْ أَيدِيَنَا حتَّى يَبْدأَ رسولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ فَيَضَعَ يدَهُ، وَإِنَّا حَضَرْنَا معَهُ مَرَّةً طَعامًا، فجاءَتْ جارِيَةٌ كأَنَّهَا تُدْفَعُ، فَذَهَبتْ لتَضعَ يَدهَا في الطَّعامِ، فَأَخَذَ رسولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم بِيدِهَا، ثُمَّ جَاءَ أَعْرابِيٌّ كأَنَّمَا يُدْفَعُ، فَأَخَذَ بِيدِهِ، فَقالَ رسولُ الله صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «إِنَّ الشَّيْطانَ يَسْتَحِلُّ الطَّعامَ أَنْ لا يُذْكَرَ اسمُ اللهِ تَعَالى عليْهِ، وإِنَّهُ جاءَ بهذهِ الجارِيةِ لِيسْتَحِلَّ بِها، فَأَخَذتُ بِيدِهَا، فَجَاءَ بهذا الأَعْرَابِيِّ لِيسْتحِلَّ بِهِ، فَأَخَذْتُ بِيدِهِ، والَّذِي نَفْسي بِيَدِهِ إِنَّ يدَهُ في يَدِي مَعَ يَدِهِمَا» ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ اسمَ اللهِ وأَكَلَ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: When we were present with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) at a meal, we would not put our hands to it until the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) began and put his hand to it. We were present with him once at a meal, and a young girl came as if she were being driven forward, and she went to put her hand into the food, but the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) took her by the hand. Then a bedouin came as if he were being driven, and he took him by the hand. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The devil deems the food lawful for himself when the name of Allah is not mentioned over it. He brought this young girl in order to make it lawful through her, so I took her by the hand; and he brought this bedouin in order to make it lawful through him, so I took him by the hand. By the One in whose Hand is my soul, his hand is in my hand together with their two hands." Then he mentioned the name of Allah and ate. Reported by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
جارية: الشابة الصغيرة، والمراد بها هنا البنت الصغيرة. كأنها تُدفع: أي لشدة سرعتها. أعرابي: ساكن البادية. يستحل الطعام: يطلب حله ليتمكن منه. فأخذتُ بيدها: نحيتها عن الطعام ومنعتها من الأكل منعًا للشيطان ممّا أراد.
A young girl (jariyah): a young female; what is meant here is the little girl. As if she were being driven: that is, from the intensity of her speed. A bedouin: a dweller of the desert. Deems the food lawful: seeks to make it lawful so as to gain access to it. So I took her by the hand: I put her aside from the food and prevented her from eating, thereby preventing the devil from what he intended.
الدروس · lessons
تأدب الصحابة مع رسول الله صلّى الله عليه وسلّم وانتظاره حتى يبدأ قبلهم بالطعام، وهكذا يكون الأدب مع العالم والكبير. استحباب القَسَم لتأكيد الأمر عند السامع. استحباب تعليم الناس أدب الأكل والشرب، والأمر بالمعروف والنهي عن المنكر. بيان مشاركة الشيطان للناس مآكلهم عند عدم التسمية.
The good manners of the Companions with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and their waiting until he began the meal before them; thus should be the etiquette with the scholar and the elder. It is recommended to swear an oath to emphasize a matter to the listener. It is recommended to teach people the etiquette of eating and drinking, and to enjoin good and forbid evil. An explanation of the devil's sharing in people's food when the name is not mentioned.