عَنْ أُميَّةَ بنِ مَخْشِيٍّ الصَّحابيِّ رضيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قال: كان رسُولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ جالسًا ورَجُلٌ يأْكُلُ، فَلَمْ يُسمِّ اللهَ حَتَّى لَمْ يبْقَ مِنْ طَعَامِهِ إِلاَّ لُقْمةٌ، فَلَمَّا رَفَعها إِلى فِيهِ قال: باسْمِ اللهِ أَوَّلَهُ وَآخِرَهُ، فَضَحِكَ النَّبِيُّ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ قالَ: «مَا زَالَ الشَّيْطَانُ يَأْكُلُ مَعَهُ، فَلمَّا ذَكَر اسمَ اللهِ اسْتَقَاءَ مَا في بَطنِهِ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُودَ، والنَّسَائِيُّ.
Umayyah ibn Makhshi, the Companion (may Allah be pleased with him), reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was sitting while a man was eating, and he did not mention the name of Allah until nothing of his food remained but a single morsel. When he raised it to his mouth he said: In the name of Allah at its beginning and its end. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) laughed and then said: "The devil kept eating with him, but when he mentioned the name of Allah, he vomited up what was in his belly." Reported by Abu Dawud and al-Nasa'i.
الشرح · explanation
استقاء ما في بطنه: أي أخرج الشيطان ما كان قد شارك فيه صاحب الطعام.
He vomited up what was in his belly: that is, the devil expelled what he had shared in with the owner of the food.
الدروس · lessons
أن الشيطان يشارك الإنسان في طعامه وشرابه إن لم يذكر اسم الله تعالى. إنّ ذكر الله تعالى حصن للمؤمن من الشيطان الرجيم. استحباب التسمية آخر الطعام لمن نسي ذلك أوّله.
That the devil shares in a person's food and drink if he does not mention the name of Allah the Exalted. That the remembrance of Allah the Exalted is a fortress for the believer against the accursed devil. It is recommended for the one who forgot to mention the name at the beginning of the meal to mention it at its end.