عَنْ سعيدِ بنِ الحارثِ أَنَّهُ سأَلَ جابرًا رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عنِ الوُضُوءِ مِمَّا مَسَّتِ النَّارُ، فقالَ: لا، قد كُنَّا زمنَ النَّبيِّ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم لا نجدُ مِثْلَ ذلكَ الطَّعامِ إِلاَّ قلِيلًا، فإِذا نَحْنُ وجدْناه،ُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَنَا مَنَادِيلُ إِلَّا أَكُفَّنَا وسَوَاعِدَنَا وأَقْدَامَنَا، ثُمَّ نُصَلِّي وَلا نَتَوَضَّأُ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.
Sa'id ibn al-Harith reported that he asked Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) about performing ablution (wudu) after eating what fire has touched. He said: No. In the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) we would seldom find such food except in small amounts, and when we did find it, we had no napkins except our palms, our forearms, and our feet; then we would pray and would not perform ablution. Reported by al-Bukhari.
الشرح · explanation
مسَّت النار: خُبِز عليها أو طبخ أو شوي أو قُلي وغير ذلك. فقال لا: أي لا يجب الوضوء. أكُفَّنَا: جمع كف، وهو راحة اليد مع الأصابع. سواعدنا: جمع ساعد وهو ما بين المِرفق والكف.
"What fire has touched": food baked, cooked, grilled, fried over it, and the like. "He said: No": meaning ablution is not obligatory. "Our palms" (akuff): plural of kaff, the palm of the hand together with the fingers. "Our forearms" (sawa'id): plural of sa'id, the part between the elbow and the hand.
الدروس · lessons
جواز مسح آثار الطعام باليد وغيرها إذا لم يتوفر الغسل ولا المسح بالمنديل، ومع توفر الماء والصابون يكون استعمالهما أفضل وأحسن لتحقق زوال الأثر والرائحة بدرجة أكبر. نسخ ما جاء من الأمر بالوُضوء بعد أكل ما مسّته النار. بيان ما كان عليه الصحابة من ضيق العيش، وأنهم لم يكن همهم بطونهم، بل يأكلون ما يتيسر لهم من أي نوع كان.
It is permissible to wipe traces of food off with the hand or otherwise when washing or wiping with a napkin is unavailable; yet when water and soap are available, using them is better and preferable, since it more thoroughly removes the residue and the odor. The abrogation of the earlier command to perform ablution after eating what fire has touched. A depiction of the straitened life of the Companions, and that their bellies were not their chief concern; rather, they ate whatever was available to them, of whatever kind.