عَنْ قَيْسِ بنِ بِشْرٍ التَّغْلِبيِّ قالَ: أَخْبَرَنى أبي -وكان جليسًا لأبي الدَّرداءِ- قالَ: كانَ بِدِمشقَ رَجُلٌ من أَصحابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ يُقالُ لهُ: سهل بن الحَنْظَلِيَّةِ، وكان رجُلًا مُتَوحِّدًا قَلَّمَا يُجالسُ النَّاسَ، إِنَّمَا هو صلاةٌ، فَإِذا فراغ فَإِنَّمَا هو تسبيحٌ وتكبيرٌ حَتَّى يأْتيَ أهْلَهُ، فَمَرَّ بِنَا ونَحنُ عِندَ أبي الدَّردَاءِ، فقالَ لهُ أَبو الدَّردَاءِ: كَلِمةً تَنْفَعُنَا ولا تضُرُّكَ، قالَ: بَعثَ رسولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم سريَّةً، فَقَدِمَتْ، فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنهمْ فَجَلسَ في المَجْلِسِ الَّذِي يَجلِسُ فِيهِ رسولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ، فقالَ لرجُلٍ إِلى جَنْبهِ: لَوْ رَأَيتنَا حِينَ التقَيْنَا نَحنُ والعدُوُّ، فَحمَلَ فلانٌ وَطَعَنَ، فقالَ: خُذْهَا مِنِّي وأَنَا الغُلامُ الغِفَارِيُّ، كَيْفَ تَرى في قوْلِهِ؟ قالَ: مَا أُرَاهُ إِلاَّ قَدْ بَطَلَ أَجرُهُ، فسَمِعَ بِذلكَ آخَرُ فقالَ: مَا أَرَى بِذَلِكَ بأْسًا، فَتَنَازعا حتَّى سَمِعَ رسولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ فقالَ: «سُبْحانَ اللهِ! لا بَأْسَ أَنْ يُؤْجَرَ ويُحْمَدَ» فَرَأَيْتُ أَبا الدَّرْدَاءِ سُرَّ بِِذلكَ، وجعلَ يَرْفَعُ رأْسَهُ إِلَيهِ وَيَقُولُ: أَنْتَ سمِعْتَ ذَلكَ مِنْ رسولِ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ؟ فيقولُ: نعَمْ، فما زالَ يعِيدُ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى إِنّي لأَقولُ لَيَبرُكَنَّ على رُكْبَتَيْهِ. قال: فَمَرَّ بِنَا يَومًا آخَرَ، فقالَ لهُ أَبُو الدَّرْدَاءِ: كَلِمَةً تَنفَعُنَا ولا تَضُرُّكَ، قالَ: قالَ لَنَا رسولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ: «المُنْفِقُ عَلى الخَيْلِ كالبَاسِطِ يَدَهُ بالصَّدَقةِ لا يَقْبِضُهَا». ثُمَّ مرَّ بِنَا يومًا آخرَ، فقالَ لهُ أَبو الدَّرْدَاءِ: كَلِمَةً تَنْفَعُنَا وَلا تَضرُّكَ، قالَ: قالَ رسولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ: «نِعْمَ الرَّجُلُ خُرَيْمٌ الأَسَديُّ! لولا طُولُ جُمَّتِهِ وَإِسْبَالُ إِزَارِهِ» فبَلغَ خُرَيْمًا، فَعجَّلَ، فَأَخَذَ شَفرَةً فَقَطَعَ بِها جُمَّتَهُ إِلى أُذنيْهِ، ورفعَ إِزَارَهُ إِلى أَنْصَافِ سَاقَيْهِ. ثَمَّ مَرَّ بنَا يَوْمًا آخَرَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو الدَّرْدَاءِ: كَلِمةً تَنْفَعُنَا ولاَ تَضُرُّكَ، قَالَ: سَمعْتُ رسُولَ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ يقُولُ: «إِنَّكُمْ قَادِمُونَ عَلى إِخْوانِكُمْ، فَأَصْلِحُوا رِحَالَكُمْ، وأَصْلِحُوا لِبَاسَكُمْ، حَتَّى تَكُونُوا كَأَنَّكُمْ شَامَةٌ في النَّاسِ، فَإِنَّ اللهَ لاَ يُحِبُّ الفُحْشَ وَلا التَّفَحُّشَ». رواهُ أَبُو دَاوُودَ بإِسنادٍ حسن.
Qays ibn Bishr al-Taghlibi said: My father — who was a companion of Abu al-Darda' — informed me, saying: In Damascus there was a man among the Companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called Sahl ibn al-Hanzaliyyah. He was a solitary man who rarely sat with people; he was only ever at prayer, and when he finished he was engaged in tasbih (glorifying Allah) and takbir (magnifying Allah) until he returned to his family. He passed by us while we were with Abu al-Darda', and Abu al-Darda' said to him: A word that will benefit us and not harm you. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent out an expedition, and it returned. A man of them came and sat in the gathering where the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to sit, and he said to a man beside him: If only you had seen us when we met the enemy: so-and-so charged and thrust with his spear, saying, "Take that from me, and I am the Ghifari lad!" What do you think of his words? He said: I think his reward has been nullified. Another man heard that and said: I see no harm in that. So they disputed until the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) heard, and he said: "Glory be to Allah! There is no harm in his being rewarded and praised." I saw that Abu al-Darda' was delighted at that, and he began to raise his head toward him, saying: Did you yourself hear that from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)? He would say: Yes. And he kept repeating it to him so much that I thought he would kneel down on his knees [before him]. He said: Then he passed by us on another day, and Abu al-Darda' said to him: A word that will benefit us and not harm you. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to us: "The one who spends on horses is like one who stretches out his hand in charity, never withdrawing it." Then he passed by us on another day, and Abu al-Darda' said to him: A word that will benefit us and not harm you. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "What an excellent man is Khuraym al-Asadi! Were it not for the length of his hair and the trailing of his lower garment." This reached Khuraym, so he hastened, took a blade, and cut his hair to his ears, and raised his lower garment to the middle of his shins. Then he passed by us on another day, and Abu al-Darda' said to him: A word that will benefit us and not harm you. He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "You are coming to your brothers, so mend your saddles and mend your clothing, until you are like a beauty spot among people; for Allah does not love obscenity nor deliberate obscenity." Reported by Abu Dawud with a hasan (good) chain.
الشرح · explanation
متوحدًا: يحبّ الانفراد عن الناس، لا يخالطهم ولا يجالسهم. إنّما هو صلاة: أي إنّما هو في صلاة. السريَّة: هو القتال الذي لم يشارك رسول الله صلّى الله عليه وسلّم فيه، بل قاده أحد الصحابة. فتنازعا: تخاصما. كَلِمةً تَنْفَعُنَا ولَا تَضُرُّكَ: قل لنا كلمةً أي موعظةً، وعلمنا كلمةً تنفعنا ولا تضرك. ليبركنّ على ركبتيه: مبالغة في التواضع كما هو شأن المتعلم أمام المعلّم. المنفق على الخيل: أي قيمة الرعي والعلف والسقي، والمراد بالخيل المعدة للجهاد في سبيل الله. جُمَّتِه: هي الشعر إذا طال وبلغ المنكبين وسقط عليهما. كأنكم شامة في الناس: كونوا في الناس كمثل الشامة في الجسد، شيئًا طيبًا معروفًا في وسطهم ليس شيئًا منكرًا. رحالكم: جمع رحل وهو ما يركب عليه. التفحّش: تكلف الكلام الفاحش، أو الهيئة واللباس الفاحش.
"Solitary" (mutawahhid): he loved seclusion from people, neither mixing nor sitting with them. "He was only ever at prayer": he was constantly in prayer. "The expedition" (sariyyah): fighting in which the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not himself take part, but which one of the Companions led. "So they disputed" (fa-tanaza'a): they quarreled. "A word that will benefit us and not harm you": say to us a word — that is, an admonition — and teach us a word that will benefit us and not harm you. "He would kneel on his knees": an exaggeration in humility, as is the way of a learner before a teacher. "The one who spends on horses": the cost of grazing, fodder, and watering; and what is meant by the horses are those prepared for jihad in the way of Allah. "His hair" (jummah): the hair when it grows long, reaches the shoulders, and falls upon them. "Like a beauty spot among people": be among the people like a beauty spot on the body — something pleasant and well-regarded in their midst, not something objectionable. "Your saddles" (rihalakum): the plural of rahl, which is what one rides upon. "Deliberate obscenity" (tafahhush): affecting obscene speech, or an obscene appearance and dress.
الدروس · lessons
أنّ إطالة الجمّة وإسبال الإزار من الأمور المنهي عنها. الحثّ على حفظ الأوقات وعدم ضياع العمر سدى وأن يشغل نفسه بذكر الله وطاعته. حرص أبي الدرداء على الاستكثار من العلم، وتواضعه في طلبه. جواز الجهر بالعمل الصالح حال الحرب، إن وجدت مصلحة ولم يقصد بالجهر رياء ولا سمعة، ومن يفعل ذلك يؤجر. أنّ إطالة الجمّة للرجال من المخيلة وأنّ الشعر للرجل لا يتجاوز الكتف. وعلى الإنسان أن يحترز عن مذمة الآخرين، وأن يسعى للحصول على راحة إخوانه واستجلاب قلوبهم، حَتَّى لا يستثقلوه. أنّ الله يحبّ أن يرى أثر نعمته ظاهرة على عبده. حرص الصحابة رضي الله عنهم على الخير وطاعتهم للنّبي صلّى الله عليه وسلّم واسترشادهم بإرشاده.
That letting the hair grow long and trailing the lower garment are among the prohibited matters. The encouragement to guard one's time and not waste one's life in vain, and to occupy oneself with the remembrance of Allah and obedience to Him. The eagerness of Abu al-Darda' to gain abundant knowledge, and his humility in seeking it. The permissibility of openly proclaiming a righteous deed during war, if there is a benefit in it and one does not intend by the proclamation to show off or seek reputation; and whoever does so is rewarded. That letting the hair grow long is, for men, from arrogance, and that a man's hair should not exceed the shoulder. That a person should guard against being blameworthy to others, and should strive to secure the comfort of his brothers and win their hearts, so that they do not find him burdensome. That Allah loves to see the effect of His blessing manifest upon His servant. The eagerness of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) for good, their obedience to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and their seeking guidance from his direction.