عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ قالَ: قالَ رسولُ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ: « إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ الِاسْتِئْذَانُ مِنْ أَجْلِ الْبَصَر» سبب ورود الحديث: عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ قالَ: اطّلع رجل من جحر في حجر النّبيّ صلّى اللّهُ عليه وسلّم، ومع النّبيّ صلّى اللّهُ عليه وسلّم مِدرًى يحكّ به رأسه، فقال: لو أعلم أَنَّكَ تَنْظُرُ لَطَعَنْتُ بِهِ فِي عَيْنِكَ إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ الِاسْتِئْذَانُ مِنْ أَجْلِ الْبَصَر.
From Sahl ibn Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Seeking permission to enter was ordained only on account of sight." The reason for the hadith's report: From Sahl ibn Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: A man peeped through a hole into the apartment of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was a comb with which he was scratching his head. He said: "Had I known that you were looking, I would have thrust it into your eye. Seeking permission to enter was ordained only on account of sight."
الدروس · lessons
بيان علّة الاستئذان. أنّ من الحِكم في مشروعية الاستئذان ألّا يرى عورة من يدخل عليه وما لا يحلّ له، أو يشاهد شيئًا يسوؤه. يشرع الاستئذان حتّى على المحارم خوفًا من كشف عورة.
Clarification of the reason (illah) for seeking permission. That among the wisdoms in the legislation of seeking permission is that one does not see the private parts of the one upon whom he enters, or what is not lawful for him, or witness something that displeases him. Seeking permission is legislated even upon the maharim (close relatives), out of fear of exposing the private parts.