عَنْ أنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ قالَ: عَطَسَ رَجُلانِ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ، فَشَمَّتَ أَحَدَهُمَا وَلمْ يُشَمِّتِ الآخَرَ، فَقَالَ الَّذِي لَمْ يُشَمِّتْهُ: عَطَسَ فُلانٌ فَشَمَّتهُ، وَعطسْتُ فَلَمْ تُشَمِّتْنِي؟ فقالَ: «هذا حَمِدَ اللّهَ، وإنَّكَ لمْ تَـحْمَدِ اللهَ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Two men sneezed in the presence of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He responded to one of them but did not respond to the other. The one to whom he did not respond said: "So-and-so sneezed and you responded to him, and I sneezed but you did not respond to me?" He said: "This one praised Allah, and you did not praise Allah." Agreed upon (al-Bukhari and Muslim).
الشرح · explanation
فشمّت أحدهما: أي قال له: يرحمك اللّه، ومعنى التشميت الدعاء بالخير والبركة.
"He responded to one of them": that is, he said to him, "May Allah have mercy on you"; the meaning of tashmit is to supplicate for good and blessing.
الدروس · lessons
جواز السؤال عن حكمة التصرف وبيان سبب ذلك. إكرام من أتى بطاعة، وإهمال من ترك السنن، ليشعر بتقصيره.
It is permissible to ask about the wisdom behind an action and to have its reason explained. Honoring the one who performs an act of obedience and passing over the one who neglects the sunnahs, so that he feels his shortcoming.