عنْ أَبي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ، عنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ قالَ: «نَفْسُ المُؤْمِنِ مُعَلَّقَةٌ بِدَيْنِهِ حَتَّى يُقْضَى عَنْهُ». رواهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وقالَ: حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The soul of the believer is suspended by his debt until it is settled on his behalf." Reported by al-Tirmidhi, who said: a hasan (good) hadith.
الشرح · explanation
معلقة: موقوفة ومحبوسة عن مقامها أو أن أمرها موقوف لا حكم لها بنجاة ولا هلاك حتى ينظر هل يقضى ما عليها من الدين أم لا. يُقضى: يؤدى.
"Suspended": held back and detained from its station; or that its affair is suspended—no judgment being passed for it of deliverance or of ruin—until it is seen whether the debt owed by it is settled or not. "Settled (yuqda)": paid off.
الدروس · lessons
وجوب الإسراع بأداء الدّين عن الميت من تركته وهو مقدم على كل الحقوق المتعلقة بتركته بعد تجهيزه. حثّ الإنسان على وفاء دينه قبل موته ليسلم من هذا الوعيد الشديد. أنّ نفس المؤمن سوف تظل محبوسة عن مقامها لا يحكم لها بنجاة ولا هلاك حَتَّى يقضى دينها.
The obligation of hastening to pay off the debt on behalf of the deceased from his estate, which takes precedence over all other claims connected to his estate after his preparation for burial. Urging a person to pay off his debt before his death so that he may be safe from this severe warning. That the soul of the believer will remain detained from its station, with no judgment passed for it of deliverance or of ruin, until its debt is settled.