عنْ أبي عَمْرٍو -وقيلَ: أبو عَبْدِ اللهِ، وقيلَ: أبُو لَيْلى- عُثْمَانَ بنِ عَفَّانَ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ قالَ: كانَ النَّبيُّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ إذا فرَغَ منْ دفنِ المَيِّتِ وقَفَ علَيْهِ، وقَالَ: «اسْتغْفِرُوا لأخِيكُمْ ، وسَلُوا لَهُ التَّثْبيتَ، فإنَّهُ الآنَ يُسْأَلُ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُودَ.
Abu Amr—and it is also said Abu Abdullah, and it is also said Abu Layla—Uthman ibn Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had finished burying the deceased, he would stand over him and say: "Seek forgiveness for your brother and ask for him steadfastness, for he is now being questioned." Reported by Abu Dawud.
الشرح · explanation
اسألوا له التثبيت: أي اطلبوا من اللّهِ تعالى أن يثبت لسانه عند سؤال الملكين له في قبره.
"Ask for him steadfastness": that is, ask Allah the Exalted to make his tongue firm when the two angels question him in his grave.
الدروس · lessons
استحباب الوقوف عند القبر بعد الدفن والدعاء للميت بأن يثبته اللّه بالقول الثابت حين يسأله الملكان. ثبوت سؤال الملكين وحياة القبر من نعيم أو عذاب.
It is recommended to stand at the grave after burial and to supplicate for the deceased that Allah make him firm with the steadfast word when the two angels question him. The affirmation of the questioning by the two angels and of the life of the grave, whether of bliss or of punishment.