عَنْ عمرِو بنِ العاصِ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ قال: إذا دَفَنْتُمُونِي، فأَقِيمُوا حَوْلَ قَبرِي قَدْرَ ما تُنحَرُ جَزُورٌ، ويُقَسَّمُ لحْمُها حَتَّى أَسْتَأنِسَ بِكُمْ، وأَعْلمَ ماذا أُرَاجِعُ بِهِ رُسُلَ ربِّي. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ. قالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمهُ اللّهُ: ويُسْتَحَبُّ أنْ يُقرَأَ عِنْدَهُ شيءٌ مِنَ القُرآنِ، وَإنْ خَتَمُوا القُرآن عنده كانَ حَسنًا.
Amr ibn al-As (may Allah be pleased with him) said: When you have buried me, remain around my grave for the length of time it takes to slaughter a camel and distribute its meat, so that I may take comfort in your presence and know what answer I give to the messengers of my Lord. Reported by Muslim. Al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It is recommended that something of the Qur'an be recited beside him, and if they complete the entire Qur'an beside him, that would be good.
الشرح · explanation
استأنس: أشعر بالأنس وتزول عني الوحشة. أراجع به: أجيب به. الجزور: الناقة.
"Take comfort (istaʾnasa)": to feel intimacy and companionship, so that loneliness departs from me. "The answer I give (uraji bihi)": what I reply with. "Al-jazur": the she-camel [that is slaughtered].
الدروس · lessons
استئناس الميت بدعاء إخوانه وأهله له عند قبره. ورع الصحابة رضي اللّهُ عنهم واتهامهم لأنفسهم وخوفهم من التقصير مع عظيم منزلتهم وبلائهم الحسن في الإسلام. أخذ بعض العلماء من الحديث استحباب المكث عند القبر بعد الدفن مدة من الزمن.
The deceased takes comfort in the supplication of his brothers and family for him at his grave. The piety (wara) of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them), their holding themselves to account, and their fear of falling short, despite their lofty rank and their excellent efforts for Islam. Some scholars derived from the hadith that it is recommended to remain at the grave for a period of time after burial.