عَنْ أَبي سعيدٍ الخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: جَاءَتِ امرأَةٌ إِلى رَسُولِ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَتْ: يا رَسُولَ اللّهِ، ذَهَبَ الرِّجالُ بحَديثِكَ، فاجْعَلْ لَنَا مِنْ نَفْسِكَ يَوْمًا نَأْتيكَ فيهِ تُعَلِّمُنَا مِمَّا عَلَّمَكَ اللّهُ، قَالَ: «اجْتَمِعْنَ يَوْمَ كَذَا وَكَذَا» فَاجْتَمَعْنَ، فَأَتَاهُنَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ فَعَلَّمَهُنَّ مِمَّا علَّمهُ اللّهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ: «ما مِنْكُنَّ مِنِ امْرَأَةٍ تُقَدِّمُ ثَلاثةً منَ الوَلَدِ إِلَّا كانُوا لهَا حِجَابًا منَ النَّار» فَقالتِ امْرَأَةٌ: وَاثْنيْنِ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ: «وَاثْنَيْنِ» مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: A woman came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, the men have monopolized your teaching; so appoint for us a day of your own on which we may come to you and you may teach us from what Allah has taught you." He said: "Gather on such-and-such a day." So they gathered, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to them and taught them from what Allah had taught him. Then he said: "There is no woman among you who sends ahead three of her children but that they will be a shield for her from the Fire." A woman said: "And two?" So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "And two." Agreed upon (al-Bukhari and Muslim).
الشرح · explanation
فاجعل لنا: أي خصص لنا. تقدم ثلاثة من الولد: أي تقدمهم للدفن بعد أن ماتوا. الولد: يشمل الذكر والأنثى لأنه كل منهما مولود. حجابًا من النار: أي سترًا ومانعًا من النار.
"Appoint for us": that is, set aside a day especially for us. "Sends ahead three of her children": that is, they die before her and she buries them. "Child": this includes both male and female, since each of them is one who is born. "A shield from the Fire": that is, a screen and a barrier against the Fire.
الدروس · lessons
البشارة بالجنّة لمن فقدت من أبنائها ثلاثًا أو اثنين. حق المرأة في العلم فإنّها مكلّفة شرعًا والعلم واجب عليها ليصلح به أمر دينها ودنياها. تواضع النّبيّ صلّى اللّهُ عليه وسلّم واستجابته لطلب المرأة، وحرصه على تعليم النساء ما يخصهن من الأمور. حرص نساء الصحابة على طلب العلم من النّبيّ صلّى اللّهُ عليه وسلّم.
Glad tidings of Paradise for the woman who loses three, or even two, of her children. The woman's right to knowledge, for she is charged with religious duties and knowledge is obligatory upon her so that the affairs of her religion and worldly life may be set right. The humility of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), his response to the woman's request, and his eagerness to teach the women matters that concern them. The keenness of the women among the Companions to seek knowledge from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).