عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُمَا: أَنَّ رسُولَ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ قَالَ لأصْحَابِهِ -يَعْني لمَّا وَصلُوا الحِجْرَ؛ دِيَارَ ثمُودَ-: «لا تَدْخُلُوا عَلى هَؤُلاءِ المُعَذَّبِينَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونُوا بَاكِينَ، فَإِنْ لمْ تَكُونُوا باكِينَ، فَلا تَدْخُلُوا عَلَيْهِمْ؛ لا يُصِيبُكُمْ مَا أَصَابَهُمْ» مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ. وفي روايةٍ قالَ: لمَّا مَرَّ رَسُولُ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ بِالحِجْرِ قالَ: «لا تَدْخُلُوا مَسَاكِنَ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ أَنْ يُصِيبَكُمْ مَا أَصَابَهُمْ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونُوا بَاكِينَ» ثُمَّ قَنَّعَ رسولُ اللّهِ صلّى اللّهُ عليه وسلٌم رَأْسَهُ وَأَسْرَعَ السَّيْرَ حَتَّى أَجَازَ الوَادِي.
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to his Companions when they reached al-Hijr, the dwellings of Thamud: "Do not enter upon these punished people unless you are weeping; and if you are not weeping, then do not enter upon them, lest there befall you what befell them." Agreed upon (al-Bukhari and Muslim). In another narration he said: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by al-Hijr, he said: "Do not enter the dwellings of those who wronged themselves, lest there befall you what befell them, unless you are weeping." Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) covered his head and quickened his pace until he had passed through the valley.
الشرح · explanation
الحِجر: ديار ثمود وهم قوم صالح، وهي بين الشام والمدينة، ومرورهم بها لما توجهوا مع النّبيّ صلّى اللّهُ عليه وسلّم إلى غزوة تبوك في السنة التاسعة من الهجرة. قنّع رأسه: ألقى عليه القناع وهو الغطاء. أجاز الوادي: قطعه وجاوزه.
"Al-Hijr": the dwellings of Thamud, the people of Salih, situated between Syria and Medina; their passing by it was when they set out with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to the expedition of Tabuk in the ninth year after the Hijrah. "Covered his head": he drew the covering, that is, the veil, over it. "Passed through the valley": he traversed and left it behind.
الدروس · lessons
الحثّ على المراقبة والبكاء عند المرور بديار الظالمين ومواضع العذاب، وعليه أن يسرع الخُطا حَتَّى يتجاوزها. أن يشتغل بالتفكير في أمرهم وما آل إليه حالهم مخافة أن يكون حاله كحالهم. النهي عن مجالسة الظالمين ومساكنتهم ومؤاكلتهم.
Encouragement to be mindful and to weep when passing by the dwellings of the wrongdoers and the sites of punishment, and one should quicken his steps until he passes beyond them. That one should occupy himself with reflecting upon their affair and what their condition came to, out of fear that his own state may be like theirs. The prohibition of sitting with the wrongdoers, dwelling among them, and eating with them.