عَنْ أَبي سَعِيدٍ الخُدْرِيِّ رَضيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ قال: كانَ رسولُ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم يَتَعَوَّذُ مِنَ الجانِّ وَعَيْنِ الإِنْسَانِ، حتَّى نَزَلَتِ المُعَوِّذَتانِ، فَلَمَّا نَزَلَتَا، أَخَذَ بِهِما وتَرَكَ ما سِواهُما. رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَقَالَ: حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ.
Abu Saʿid al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to seek refuge from the jinn and from the evil eye of humans, until the two surahs of refuge (al-Muʿawwidhatan) were revealed. When they were revealed, he adopted them and abandoned all else besides them. Reported by al-Tirmidhi, who said: a hasan (good) hadith.
الشرح · explanation
يتعوذ من الجان وعين الإنسان: أي كان النّبيّ صلّى اللّهُ عليه وسلّم يعتصم باللّه من أذى الجانّ، ومن أذى عين الإنسان الحاسدة، وكان يصوغ دعاء الاستعاذة بنفسه فيقول: " اللهم إني أعوذ بك من الجانّ وعين الإنسان "؛ إذ لم تكن المعوذتان قد نزلتا بعد. حتى نزلت المعوذتان: وهما سورة " الفلق " وسورة " الناس "، وسميتا بالمعوذتين لأن كلًا منهما تبدأ بقوله تعالى: قُلْ أَعُوذُ. أخذ بهما وترك ما سواهما: أي أخذ بهما في التعوذ، لعمومهما لذلك وغيره، وترك ما عداهما من التعاويذ.
"used to seek refuge from the jinn and the evil eye of humans": that is, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would seek Allah's protection from the harm of the jinn and from the harm of the envious evil eye of humans, and he would himself compose the supplication of seeking refuge, saying: "O Allah, I seek refuge in You from the jinn and the evil eye of humans," since the two surahs of refuge had not yet been revealed. "until the two surahs of refuge were revealed": these are Surah al-Falaq and Surah al-Nas, called al-Muʿawwidhatan because each of them begins with the words of Allah the Exalted: "Say: I seek refuge (Qul aʿudhu)." "he adopted them and abandoned all else besides them": that is, he adopted them in seeking refuge, because of their comprehensiveness for that and other purposes, and abandoned all other formulas of seeking refuge besides them.
الدروس · lessons
بيان فضل سورة ( الفلق ) وسورة ( الناس )، وقد اختصتا باقتصار النّبيّ صلّى اللّهُ عليه وسلّم عليهما في التعوذ لاشتمالهما على الجوامع في المستعاذ به والمستعاذ منه. الاعتصام بالدعاء من أذى الجانّ، ومن عين الإنسان الحاقد الحسود، لعظم ضررهما، وأن المعوذتين هما أنسب وسيلة لذلك. إصابة العين واقعة، ولذلك كان النّبيّ صلّى اللّهُ عليه وسلّم يتعوذ باللّه منها.
Clarifying the merit of Surah al-Falaq and Surah al-Nas, which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) singled out by restricting himself to them in seeking refuge, because they comprise the most comprehensive expressions concerning both that in which refuge is sought and that from which refuge is sought. Seeking protection through supplication from the harm of the jinn and from the evil eye of the spiteful, envious person, because of the gravity of their harm, and that the two surahs of refuge are the most fitting means for that. The affliction of the evil eye is real, and for that reason the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to seek refuge in Allah from it.