عَنْ أَبي هُريْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عنْهُ قَال: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «إِذَا نُودِيَ بِالصَّلاةِ أَدْبَرَ الشَّيْطَانُ لَهُ ضُرَاطٌ حَتَّى لا يَسْمَعَ التَّأْذِينَ، فَإِذا قُضِيَ النِّدَاءُ أَقْبَلَ، حتَّى إِذَا ثُوِّبَ لِلصَّلاةِ أَدْبَرَ، حَتَّى إِذَا قُضِيَ التَّثْوِيبُ أَقْبَلَ، حَتَّى يَخْطِرَ بَيْنَ المَرْءِ ونَفْسِهِ يقُولُ: اذْكُرْ كَذَا، واذْكُرْ كذا -لِمَا لَمْ يَذْكُرْ مِنْ قَبْلُ- حَتَّى يَظَلَّ الرَّجُلُ مَا يَدْرِي كَمْ صلَّى» مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When the call to prayer is made, Satan turns his back and flees, passing wind so that he does not hear the call. When the call is finished, he comes back, until, when the iqamah is pronounced, he turns his back again; and when the iqamah is finished, he returns to come between a man and his soul, saying: 'Remember this, remember that' — things he had not remembered before — until the man no longer knows how much he has prayed." Agreed upon (al-Bukhari and Muslim).
الشرح · explanation
أدبر الشيطان: أي فر هاربًا وله صوت من انحلال مفاصله، ويؤيد ذلك رواية مسلم (وله حصاص) أي عدو سريع، ولعل التعبير عن هربه وإسراعه بالضراط بقصد التقبيح. التَّثْوِيبُ: الإِقَامَةُ. يخطر: يوسوس.
"Satan turns his back": that is, he flees running, and he has a sound from the loosening of his joints; this is supported by Muslim's narration "and he has husas," meaning a swift flight. Perhaps expressing his fleeing and haste in terms of passing wind is intended to deride him. "al-tathwib": the iqamah. "comes between": whispers and insinuates.
الدروس · lessons
بيان فضل الأذان وما يحصل بسببه من خوف الشيطان وهربه ورجوعه بالحسرة لما يرى من الاتفاق على إعلان شعائر الدين وإظهار عقيدة التوحيد. الحثّ على الخشوع والاستغراق في الصلاة، والاحتراز عن وسوسة الشيطان فيها.
A statement of the merit of the call to prayer and what results from it of Satan's fear, his flight, and his return in grief at what he sees of the community's unity in proclaiming the symbols of the religion and manifesting the creed of monotheism. Encouragement toward humility and full absorption in the prayer, and guarding against Satan's whispering in it.