عَنْ سَلْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ، قالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللّهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لا يَغْتَسِلُ رَجُلٌ يَومَ الجُمُعَةِ، وَيَتَطَهَّرُ مَا اسْتَطَاعَ مِنْ طُهْرٍ، وَيَدَّهِنُ مِنْ دُهْنِهِ، أَوْ يَمَسُّ مِنْ طِيبِ بَيْتِهِ، ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُ فَلا يُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ اثنَيْنِ، ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي مَا كُتِبَ لَهُ، ثُمَّ يُنْصِتُ إِذَا تَكَلَّمَ الإمَامُ إِلّا غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الجُمُعَةِ الأُخْرَى» رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.
Salman (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No man bathes on Friday, purifies himself as much as he can, applies oil to his hair, or touches some of the perfume of his house, then goes out and does not force his way between two people, then prays what has been prescribed for him, then keeps silent when the imam speaks, except that he will be forgiven [his sins] between that Friday and the next." Reported by al-Bukhari.
الشرح · explanation
ما استطاع من طهر: أي من غسل أو وضوء. دهنه: طيبه. طيب بيته: أهل بيته كالعطر ونحوه. لا يفرق: أي لا يتخطى الرقاب، وهو كناية عن التبكير لصلاة الجمعة وعدم إيذاء الآخرين. ما كتب له: ما قدّر له. تكلم الإمام: خطب.
"As much purification as he can": that is, of bathing or ablution. "His oil": that is, his scent. "The perfume of his house": that which his household has, such as scent and the like. "He does not force his way between two": that is, he does not step over people's necks; this alludes to coming early to the Friday prayer and not harming others. "What has been prescribed for him": what has been decreed for him. "The imam speaks": he delivers the sermon.
الدروس · lessons
استحباب المبالغة في النظافة والطهارة لحضور صلاة الجمعة، وكذلك وضع الروائح الطيبة الزكية، كي لا تظهر الروائح الكريهة التي تحصل من اجتماع عدد كبير من الناس، وهذا من آداب الإسلام ومحاسنه. الحثّ على التبكير للذهاب إلى الجمعة، وعدم إيذاء أحد بشيء ما. جواز التنفل قبل صلاة الجمعة في المسجد. الحثّ على الإنصات للخطبة. التحذير من الإيذاء بجميع صوره، كرفع الصوت، وتخطي الرقاب، ومزاحمة المصلين، وشق الصفوف وغير ذلك مما يؤذي المسلمين.
It is recommended to take great care in cleanliness and purification for attending the Friday prayer, and likewise to apply pleasant, wholesome fragrances, so that no offensive odors appear from the gathering of a large number of people; this is among the manners and beauties of Islam. Encouragement to come early to the Friday prayer, and not to harm anyone in any way. The permissibility of offering voluntary prayers before the Friday prayer in the mosque. Encouragement to listen attentively to the sermon. A warning against causing harm in all its forms, such as raising the voice, stepping over people's necks, crowding the worshippers, cutting through the rows, and other things that harm the Muslims.