عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللّهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُرَغِّبُ فِي قِيَامِ رَمَضَانَ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَأْمُرَهُمْ فِيهِ بِعَزِيمَةٍ، فَيَقُولُ: «مَنْ قَامَ رَمَضَانَ إيمَانًا وَاحْتِسَابًا غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ» رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to encourage [people] to stand in prayer during Ramadan without commanding them to do so as an obligation, saying: "Whoever stands [in prayer] during Ramadan out of faith and seeking reward, his previous sins will be forgiven." Reported by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
يرغّب: أي يذكر الثواب. بعزيمة: بحتم وإيجاب.
"He would encourage": that is, he would mention the reward. "As an obligation": as a binding, compulsory duty.
الدروس · lessons
تأكيد استحباب قيام الليل في رمضان والحثّ على الإكثار من العبادة فيه. سميت تراويح لأنهم كانوا لطول قيامهم يستريحون بعد كل تسليمتين. أول من جمع الناس لقيام رمضان بعد رسول اللّهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عليه وَسَلَّمَ عمر رضي اللّهُ عنه واشتهر ذلك، وإنّما فعل ذلك لأنّ النّبيّ صَلَّى اللّهُ عليه وَسَلَّمَ صلّاها جماعة ثلاث ليال فلمّا كثر الناس في الثالثة وغصّ المسجد تركها خوفًا من أن تفرض عليهم.
Emphasis on the recommendation of the night prayer in Ramadan and encouragement to increase in worship during it. It was named Tarawih because, owing to the length of their standing, they would rest (yastarihun) after every two sets of two rak'ahs. The first to gather the people for the night prayer of Ramadan after the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), and this became well known. He did so only because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had prayed it in congregation for three nights, but when the people grew numerous on the third night and the mosque became crowded, he stopped, fearing that it might be made obligatory upon them.