عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللّهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَجْوَدَ النَّاسِ، وَكَانَ أَجْوَدُ مَا يَكُونُ فِي رَمَضَانَ حِينَ يَلْقَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ، وَكَانَ جِبْرِيلُ يَلْقَاهُ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَيُدَارِسُهُ القُرْآنَ، فَلَرَسُولُ اللّهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ يَلْقَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ أَجْوَدُ بِالْخَيْرِ مِنَ الرِّيحِ المُرْسَلَةِ. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was the most generous of people, and he was most generous of all during Ramadan, when Gabriel would meet him. Gabriel would meet him every night of Ramadan and study the Qur'an with him. When Gabriel met him, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was more generous with good than the sent wind. Agreed upon (al-Bukhari and Muslim).
الشرح · explanation
وكان أجود الناس: أكثر الناس كرمًا وسخاءً، وعطاءً وبذلًا من غير مسألة ولا انتظار عوض. وقيل إعطاء ما ينبغي لمن ينبغي، وهو أعم من الصدقة. فيدارسه القرآن. المدارسة: أن يقرأ على غيره ويعيد الثاني ما قرأ الأول. أجود بالخير من الريح المرسلة: أي أنّه في الإسراع بالجود أسرع من الريح المطلقة في دوام هبوبها وعموم نفعها
"he was the most generous of people": the most abundantly generous and open-handed of people, giving and bestowing without being asked and without expecting any return. It has also been said that generosity is giving what is fitting to whom it is fitting, and it is more general than charity. "and study the Qur'an with him": mutual study (mudarasa) is that one recites to the other, and the second repeats what the first recited. "more generous with good than the sent wind": that is, in his swiftness to give he was faster than the loosed wind in the constancy of its blowing and the universality of its benefit.
الدروس · lessons
تأكيد استحباب الجود ومدارسة القرآن في رمضان تأسيًا برسول اللّهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عليه وَسَلَّمَ. يستحب للصائم الزيادة بالجود في شهر رمضان اقتداءً برسول اللّهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عليه وَسَلَّمَ ولحاجة الناس فيه إلى مصالحهم، ولتشاغل كثير منهم فيه بالعبادة عن مكاسبهم.
Emphasis on the recommendation of generosity and studying the Qur'an during Ramadan, in emulation of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). It is recommended for the fasting person to increase in generosity during Ramadan, in following the example of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), because of people's need for their livelihoods during it, and because many of them are occupied with worship, away from their earnings.