عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللّهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ صَوْمِ أَحَدِكُمْ فَلا يَرْفُثْ وَلا يَصْخَبْ، فَإِنْ سَابَّهُ أحَدٌ أَوْ قَاتَلَهُ فَلْيَقُلْ: إِنِّي صَائِمٌ» مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When it is the day of the fast of one of you, let him not speak obscenely nor act boisterously; and if someone insults him or fights him, let him say: 'I am fasting.'" Agreed upon (al-Bukhari and Muslim).
الشرح · explanation
لا يرفث: لا يفحش في القول. لا يصخب: لا يرفع صوته أو يكثر اللغط. أو قاتله: أي ضاربه.
"Let him not speak obscenely (rafath)": let him not be foul in speech. "Let him not act boisterously (sakhab)": let him not raise his voice or engage in much clamor. "Or fights him": that is, strikes him.
الدروس · lessons
أنّ على الصائم كف الجوارح عن الآثام وحفظ اللسان عن الهذيان والكذب والغيبة والنميمة والفحش والجفاء والخصومة والمراء، والاشتغال بذكر اللّه تعالى وتلاوة القرآن الكريم.
The fasting person must restrain his limbs from sins and guard his tongue from idle raving, lying, backbiting, tale-bearing, obscenity, harshness, quarreling, and disputation, occupying himself instead with the remembrance of Allah the Exalted and the recitation of the Noble Qur'an.