عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ: أَنَّ النَّبيَّ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَاءَ إِلى سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ، فَجَاءَ بِخُبْزٍ وَزَيْتٍ، فَأَكَلَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ النَّبيُّ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَفْطَرَ عِنْدَكُمُ الصَّائِمُونَ، وَأكَلَ طَعَامَكُمُ الْأَبرَارُ، وَصَلَّتْ عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ» رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُودَ بإِسْنَادٍ صحيحٍ.
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to Sa'd ibn Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him), who brought bread and oil. He ate, and then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "May the fasting break their fast with you, may the righteous eat your food, and may the angels pray for you." Reported by Abu Dawud with an authentic chain.
الشرح · explanation
أفطر عندكم الصائمون: أي أثابكم اللّه إثابة من فطّر صائمًا. الأبرار: الأتقياء. وصلّت عليكم الملائكة: أي استغفرت لكم.
"May the fasting break their fast with you": that is, may Allah reward you with the reward of one who provides a fasting person with something to break the fast. "The righteous (al-abrar)": the pious. "May the angels pray for you": that is, may they seek forgiveness for you.
الدروس · lessons
أنّ أعظم الطعام أجرًا ما يقدم للصائم. تقديم ما تيسر للصائمين واستحباب هذا الدعاء لمن قدم طعامًا، دعاء له بالبركة وصلاة الملائكة عليه.
The food that carries the greatest reward is that which is offered to a fasting person. Offering whatever is available to fasting people, and the recommendation of this supplication for one who has offered food — a prayer of blessing for him and of the angels' prayers upon him.