عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: أُتِيَ اللّهُ تَعَالَى بِعَبْدٍ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ آتَاهُ اللّهُ مَالًا، فَقَالَ لَهُ: «مَاذَا عَمِلْتَ فَي الدُّنْيَا؟» - قَالَ: وَلَا يَكْتُمُونَ اللّهَ حَدِيثًا - قَالَ: يَا رَبِّ آتَيْتَنِي مَالَكَ، فَكُنْتُ أُبَايِعُ النَّاسَ، وَكَانَ مِنْ خُلُقِي الْجَوَازُ، فكُنْتُ أَتَيَسَّرُ عَلَى المُوسِرِ، وَأُنْظِرُ المُعْسِرَ، فَقَالَ اللّهُ تَعَالى: «أَنَا أَحَقُّ بِذَا مِنْكَ، تَجَاوَزُوا عَنْ عَبْدِي» فقَالَ عُقْبَةُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ وَأَبُو مَسْعُودٍ الأَنْصَارِيُّ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُمَا: هَكَذَا سَمِعْنَاهُ مِنْ فِي رَسُولِ اللّهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: A servant from among Allah's servants, to whom Allah had given wealth, was brought before Allah (Exalted is He), and He said to him: "What did you do in the world?"—and they do not conceal from Allah any account—he said: "O my Lord, You gave me Your wealth, and I used to trade with people, and it was part of my character to be lenient: I would be accommodating to the well-off and grant respite to the one in hardship." So Allah (Exalted is He) said: "I am more entitled to that than you; overlook for My servant." Then Uqba ibn Amir and Abu Mas'ud al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: "Thus we heard it from the mouth of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)." Reported by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
أُتيَ: إخبار عن المستقبل. آتاه: أعطاه. قال: أي حذيفة (وَلَا يَكْتُمُونَ اللّهَ حَدِيثًا): أي لا يستطيعون أن يخفوا شيئًا عنه. أبايع: أتعامل معهم بالبيع. الجواز: المسامحة. أتيسر: أقبل ما فيه نقص قليل أو عيب يسير. أنظر: أمهل. من في: من فم. هكذا سمعناه: أي الحديث عن حذيفة موقوفًا وهما رفعاه إلى النّبيّ صَلَّى اللّهُ عليه وَسَلَّمَ، والموقوف في حكم المرفوع لأنّ مثله لا يقال بالرأي.
"Was brought": an announcement about the future. "Gave him": bestowed upon him. "He said": that is, Hudhayfah interjected, "(and they do not conceal from Allah any account)": meaning they are unable to hide anything from Him. "I would trade": I transacted with them by buying and selling. "Al-jawaz (leniency)": accommodation and forbearance. "I would be accommodating": I would accept what had a slight shortfall or a minor defect. "Grant respite": I would give time. "From the mouth of (min fi)": from the mouth. "Thus we heard it": that is, the report from Hudhayfah was mawquf (stopping at the Companion), while the two of them raised it (marfu') to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him); and the mawquf here has the ruling of the marfu', because the like of it cannot be said by personal opinion.
الدروس · lessons
فضل الدائن المتسامح وما يناله من عظيم الأجر ويجنيه من حسن العاقبة، إذ يكون تجاوزه عن المدين طريق تجاوز اللّه تعالى عن ذنوبه ودخوله الجنّة. الحثّ على مخالطة الناس والتعامل معهم إن كان ذلك يحصل به منفعة ويدفع به مضرة. فضل تيسير مصالح الناس ومد يد العون لهم، وجواز التعامل بالدَّين.
The merit of the lenient creditor and the great reward he attains and the good outcome he reaps, since his overlooking the debt of the debtor becomes the way to Allah's (Exalted is He) overlooking his sins and his entering Paradise. Encouragement to mix with people and deal with them when a benefit is thereby attained and a harm thereby repelled. The merit of facilitating people's interests and extending a helping hand to them, and the permissibility of dealing on credit.