عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللّهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ أَنْظَرَ مُعْسِرًا، أوْ وَضَعَ لَهُ أَظَلَّهُ اللّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ تَحْتَ ظِلِّ عَرْشِهِ يَوْمَ لا ظِلَّ إلَّا ظِلُّهُ» رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وقَالَ: حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever grants respite to one in hardship, or remits the debt for him, Allah will shade him on the Day of Resurrection beneath the shade of His Throne, on a day when there is no shade but His shade." Reported by al-Tirmidhi, who said: a hasan sahih hadith.
الشرح · explanation
أظلّه اللّه: حماه اللّه من حرّ الشمس التي تدنو من رؤوس العباد حتى يلجمهم العرق يوم القيامة.
"Allah will shade him": Allah will protect him from the heat of the sun, which will draw near to the heads of the servants until sweat bridles them on the Day of Resurrection.
الدروس · lessons
الحثّ على التسامح مع المدين إمّا بتأخير أجل وفاء الدين وإمّا بإبرائه من الدَّين كلًا أو بعضًا، والإبراء أفضل إن كان لا يضيق على الدائن. الجزاء من جنس العمل فكما أنّ الدائن خلّص المدين من ضيق النفس في الدنيا ونفس عن كربته بتسامحه معه وحماه من لفحات هم الدين وغمه، كذلك يخلّصه اللّه تعالى من كرب يوم القيامة ويحميه من لظى الشمس المحرقة فيها.
Encouragement to be lenient with the debtor, either by postponing the term for settling the debt or by absolving him of the debt wholly or in part; and absolution is better if it does not cause hardship to the creditor. The recompense is of the same kind as the deed: just as the creditor freed the debtor from the constriction of his soul in this world and relieved his distress by his leniency with him and shielded him from the scorching of the debt's worry and grief, so too will Allah (Exalted is He) free him from the distress of the Day of Resurrection and shield him from the blazing of the burning sun on it.