عَنْ سعدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ: أنَّ رَسُولَ اللّهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَتَعوَّذُ دُبُرَ الْصَّلَاةِ بِهَؤُلاءِ الْكَلِمَاتِ: «اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الجُبْنِ والبُخلِ وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ أَنْ أُرَدَّ إِلَى أَرْذَلِ الْعُمُرِ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الدُّنْيا، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْقَبْرِ» رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.
Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to seek refuge at the end of the prayer with these words: "O Allah, I seek refuge in You from cowardice and miserliness, and I seek refuge in You from being returned to the most feeble age, and I seek refuge in You from the trial of this world, and I seek refuge in You from the trial of the grave." Reported by al-Bukhari.
الشرح · explanation
أعوذ: ألتجئ. أرذل العمر: وهو كِبَرُ السِّنِّ المؤدِّي إلى ضَعْفِ القُوَى. فتنة الدنيا: هي الاختِبارُ والامتِحان، وهي أن يبيع الآخرة بما يتعجله فى الدنيا من حال أو مال. فتنة القبر: سؤال الملكين.
"I seek refuge (a'udhu)": I take shelter. "The most feeble age": advanced old age that leads to the weakening of one's faculties. "The trial of this world": testing and examination—namely that one sells the Hereafter for what he hastily obtains of status or wealth in this world. "The trial of the grave": the questioning of the two angels.
الدروس · lessons
استحباب المواظبة على هذا الذكر في دبر الصلوات والجمع بينه وبين الأذكار السابقة أفضل. إثباتُ عذابِ القَبرِ وفِتنتِه.
It is recommended to persist in this remembrance at the end of the prayers, and combining it with the earlier remembrances is better. The affirmation of the punishment of the grave and its trial.