عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُمَا: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللّهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَرَّ بِقَبْرَيْنِ فَقَالَ: «إنَّهُمَا يُعَذَّبَانِ، وَمَا يُعَذَّبَانِ في كَبيرٍ، بَلَى إنَّهُ كَبِيرٌ: أمَّا أحَدُهُمَا فَكَانَ يَمْشِي بِالنَّمِيمَة، وَأمَّا الْآخَرُ فَكَانَ لا يَسْتَتِرُ مِنْ بَوْلِهِ» مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ، وَهَذَا لَفْظُ إِحْدَى روَايَاتِ الْبُخَارِيِّ.
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by two graves and said: "They are both being punished, and they are not being punished for something major—yet it is indeed major. As for one of them, he used to go about with talebearing; and as for the other, he did not shield himself from his urine." Agreed upon (al-Bukhari and Muslim), and this is the wording of one of al-Bukhari's narrations.
الشرح · explanation
وَمَا يُعَذَّبَانِ فِي كَبيرٍ: أَيْ كَبِيرٍ فِي زَعْمِهِمَا، وَقِيلَ: كَبِيرٌ تَرْكُهُ عَلَيْهِمَا. لا يستتر من بوله: أي لا يستتر عن أعين الناس، أو لا يتوقى من بوله. وفي رواية: "لا يستبرئ من بوله" أي لا يطلب البراءة منه ويصطبر حتى ينقى ما في مجرى بوله.
"and they are not being punished for something major": that is, it was not major in their own estimation; and it is said: abstaining from it was not difficult for them. "he did not shield himself from his urine": that is, he did not conceal himself from people's eyes, or he did not guard himself against his urine. In another narration: "he did not seek complete cleansing from his urine," that is, he did not seek to be rid of it and wait until his urinary passage was clear.
الدروس · lessons
تحريم النميمة، وأنّها من الكبائر التي تسبب لصاحبها العذاب في القبر. وجوب الاستتار عند البول، ووجوب الاستبراء منه. إثبات عذاب القبر، وأنّ من أسبابه النميمة وعدم التوقي من البول أو الاستتار عنده.
The prohibition of talebearing, and that it is among the major sins that bring their doer punishment in the grave. The obligation of shielding oneself when urinating, and the obligation of cleansing oneself thoroughly from it. The affirmation of the punishment of the grave, and that among its causes are talebearing and failing to guard against urine or to shield oneself while urinating.