عنْ أُسَيدٍ بنِ أبي أُسِيدِ التَّابِعِيِّ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ مِنَ المُبايعات قَالَتْ: كَانَ فِيمَا أخذ علَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم، في المعْرُوفِ الَّذِي أخذَ علَيْنَا أنْ لا نَعْصِيَهُ فِيهِ: أَنْ لا نَخْمِشَ وَجْهًا، ولا نَدْعُوَ ويْلًا، ولا نَشُقَّ جيْبّا، وأنْ لا نَنْثُر شَعْرًا. رَواهُ أبو داوُدَ بإسْنادٍ حسنٍ
On the authority of Usayd ibn Abi Usayd the Successor (Tabii), from a woman of those who gave the pledge, who said: Among what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) took from us, in the good (maʿruf) that he took from us that we would not disobey him in, was: that we would not scratch a face, nor call out with woe, nor tear a garment at the collar, nor dishevel the hair. Reported by Abu Dawud with a hasan (good) chain.
الشرح · explanation
أُسَيد: هو من صغار التابعين. المبايعات: أي اللواتي بايعن النبيّ صلّى اللّه عليه وسلم. ألّا نخمش: ألّا نجرح من الخمش، وهو أن يجرح ظاهر البشرة بالظفر، ويطلق على الأثر. لا ندعو ويلًا: لا نقول يا ويلاه وما شابهه، وهو الندب والنياحة. ننثر شعرًا: ننشر وننفش ونمزق، وهو من فعل النساء غالبًا عند المصائب.
Usayd: he is among the younger Successors (Tabiin). Those who gave the pledge: that is, the women who gave the pledge (bayah) to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). "That we would not scratch": that we would not wound, from al-khamsh, which is to wound the surface of the skin with the fingernail; it is also applied to the mark left. "Nor call out with woe": that we would not say "O my woe!" and the like, which is lamentation and wailing. "Dishevel the hair": to scatter, ruffle, and tear it; this is mostly done by women at calamities.
الدروس · lessons
أنّ هذه الفعال من خصال الجاهلية، وأنّها من النياحة المنهي عنها، وعلى المسلمة وكل مسلم أن يتجنبها.
That these acts are among the traits of the Days of Ignorance, and that they are part of the forbidden wailing; the Muslim woman, and every Muslim, must avoid them.