عنْ عَبْدِ الرحْمنِ بْن سمُرَةَ، رضِي اللّه عنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رسُولُ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «لا تحْلِفوا بِالطَّواغِي، ولا بآبائِكُمْ» رواه مسلم.
Abd al-Rahman ibn Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not swear by the tawaghi (false deities), nor by your fathers." Reported by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
الطواغي: المراد بالطواغي من طغى في الكفر وجاوز في الشر، وهم عظماؤهم ورؤساؤهم، وقيل هِي الأصْنَام، وَمِنْهُ الحديثُ: «هذِهِ طاغِيةُ دوْسٍ»: أَيْ: صنمُهُم ومعْبُودُهُم، وقيل هُو الشَّيطانُ وَالصَّنمُ، وقيل يطلق على كل باطل.
"The tawaghi": what is meant by the tawaghi are those who transgressed in disbelief and exceeded all bounds in evil, namely their chiefs and leaders. It is also said they are the idols, as in the hadith: "This is the taghiyah of Daws," that is, their idol and object of worship. It is also said it means Satan and the idol, and it is said it applies to every falsehood.
الدروس · lessons
تحريم الحلف بالآباء وبالرؤساء والأصنام وما شابهها من كل باطل وهو كفر إن قصد تعظيمها، لا سيما إذا كانت مما يقدس ويعبد من دون اللّه تعالى.
The prohibition of swearing by fathers, leaders, idols, and the like of every falsehood; and it is disbelief if one intends thereby to venerate them, especially if they are among that which is sanctified and worshipped besides Allah the Exalted.