عنْ عبْدِ اللّهِ بْنِ عمرِو بْنِ الْعاصِ رضِي اللّه عَنْهُمَا عن النبيِّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم قالَ: «الْكَبَائِرُ: الإِشْرَاكُ بِاللَّهِ، وَعُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْن، وَقتْلُ النَّفْسِ، والْيَمِينُ الْغَمُوسُ» رواه البخاري. وفي روايةٍ له: أَنّ أَعْرَابِيًّا جاءَ إِلى النَّبِيِّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم فَقال: يَا رَسُول اللّه ما الْكَبَائِرُ؟ قالَ: «الإِشْراكُ بِاللّهِ» قَالَ: ثُمَّ ماذا؟ قالَ: «الْيَمِينُ الْغَمُوسُ» قُلْتُ: وَمَا الْيمِينُ الْغَمُوسُ؟ قال: «الَّذِي يَقْتَطِعُ مَالَ امْرِىءٍ مسلم» يعْنِي بِيمِينٍ هُوَ فِيها كاذِبٌ.
Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said: "The major sins are: associating partners with Allah, disobedience to parents, killing a soul, and the deliberate false oath (al-yamin al-ghamus)." Reported by al-Bukhari. In another narration of his: A bedouin came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah, what are the major sins? He said: "Associating partners with Allah." He said: Then what? He said: "The deliberate false oath." I said: And what is the deliberate false oath? He said: "The one who unlawfully seizes the property of a Muslim" — meaning by an oath in which he is lying.
الشرح · explanation
اليمين الغموس: الذي يحلف على شيء وهو يعلمُ أنَّه كاذِب، وقيل: سُمِّيَ بذلك؛ لأنّه يَغمِسُ صاحِبه في النار.
The deliberate false oath (al-yamin al-ghamus): the one who swears about something while knowing that he is lying. It was said that it is named so because it plunges (yaghmis) the one who takes it into the Fire.
الدروس · lessons
اليمين الغموس من الكبائر التي تستوجب العقاب الشديد من اللّه تعالى وهي في مصافّ الشرك باللّه وقتل النفس وعقوق الوالدين، لأنّ كلًا منها ظلم وباطل واعتداء على الحقوق. من حلف يمينًا غموسًا فعليه التوبة وردّ الحقوق إلى أهلها.
The deliberate false oath is among the major sins that warrant severe punishment from Allah the Exalted; it ranks alongside associating partners with Allah, killing a soul, and disobedience to parents, because each of these is injustice, falsehood, and a transgression against rights. Whoever swears a deliberate false oath must repent and return rights to their owners.