عَنْ عُقْبةَ بنِ عَامِرٍ رضي اللّه عَنْهُ أنَّ رَسُولَ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم قَالَ: «المُؤْمِنُ أخُو المُؤمِن، فَلا يحِلُّ لِمُؤمِنٍ أنْ يبْتَاعَ عَلَى بَيْعِ أخِيهِ وَلا يَخْطِبْ علَى خِطْبَةِ أخِيه حتَّى يَذَر» رواهُ مسلم.
Uqbah ibn Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The believer is the brother of the believer, so it is not lawful for a believer to buy against the sale of his brother, nor to propose marriage over his brother's proposal, until he gives it up." Reported by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
ولا يَبيعُ الرَّجلُ على بَيعِ أَخيه: أي أنْ يقولَ لِمَنِ اشترى سِلعةً في زمنِ الخيارِ، افسَخْ لِأبيعَك بِأنقَصَ، ومِثلُ ذلك الشِّراءِ على الشِّراءِ كأنْ يقولَ لِلبائعِ: افسخْ لِأشترَي منك بِأزيَدَ. ولا يخطب الرجلُ على خِطبة أخيه: وصورتُه أنْ يَخطُبَ رجل امرأةً وتُظهِرُ الرِّضا، ويتَّفِقا على مَهر ولم يَبْقَ إلا العَقد، فيأتي آخر يَخطُبُها ويَزيد في الْمَهر أو غيرِ ذلك مِن وسائل الإغراء.
"Let no man sell against his brother's sale": that is, to say to one who has bought goods during the option period, "Cancel [the sale] and I will sell you [the like] for less." Similar to this is buying against another's purchase, as when he says to the seller, "Cancel [the sale] and I will buy from you for more." "Nor let a man propose over his brother's proposal": its form is that a man proposes to a woman and she shows acceptance, they agree upon a dowry, and nothing remains but the contract; then another comes to propose to her, offering more in dowry or other means of enticement.
الدروس · lessons
تحريم المساومة في البيع على بيع أخيه وتحريم الخطبة على خطبة أخيه المؤمن. حرص الإسلام على تآلف المسلمين وعدم تفرقتهم والمحافظة على كرامة الآخرين.
The prohibition of bargaining in a sale against one's brother's sale, and the prohibition of proposing marriage over the proposal of one's believing brother. Islam's keenness on the mutual affection of Muslims, avoiding division among them, and preserving the dignity of others.