عنْ أبي ثَعْلَبَةَ الخُشَنيِّ جَرْثُومِ بنِ نَاشِرٍ رضي اللّه عَنْهُ عنْ رَسُولِ اللَّه صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم قال: «إنّ اللّه تعالى فَرَضَ فَرائِضَ فلا تُضَيِّعُوهَا، وحدّ حُدُودًا فَلا تَعْتَدُوهَا ، وحَرَّم أشْياءَ فَلا تَنْتَهِكُوها ، وَسكَتَ عَنْ أشْياءَ رَحْمةً لَكُمْ غَيْرَ نِسْيانٍ فَلا تَبْحثُوا عنها» حديثٌ حسن، رواه الدَّارقُطْني وَغَيْرهُ.
Abu Tha'labah al-Khushani, Jurthum ibn Nashir (may Allah be pleased with him), reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah (the Exalted) has ordained obligations, so do not neglect them; He has set limits, so do not transgress them; He has forbidden certain things, so do not violate them; and He has remained silent about certain things out of mercy to you, not out of forgetfulness, so do not inquire into them." A hasan (good) hadith, reported by al-Daraqutni and others.
الشرح · explanation
فلا تضيعوها: أي إمّا بتركها أو الإخلال بها. وحد حدودًا: أي كجعل الصبح ركعتين مثلًا، والصوم فيما بين طلوع الفجر وغروب الشمس، أو عيّن أمورًا نهى عنها وقدّر لها عقوبات. فلا تعتدوها: أي فلا تتجاوزوها بالزيادة عليها، وحدود اللّه أحكامه وأوامره ونواهيه. فلا تنتهكوها: أي لا تقعوا فيها. وسكت عن أشياء: أي لم يحكم فيها بوجوب أو حرمة، فهي شرعًا إذا على الإباحة الأصلية.
"Do not neglect them": that is, either by abandoning them or by falling short in them. "He has set limits": for example, making the dawn prayer two rak'ahs and the fast between the break of dawn and the setting of the sun, or specifying matters He prohibited and appointing penalties for them. "Do not transgress them": that is, do not exceed them by adding to them; the limits of Allah are His rulings, His commands, and His prohibitions. "Do not violate them": that is, do not fall into them. "He has remained silent about certain things": that is, He did not rule concerning them with obligation or prohibition, so in law they remain upon the original permissibility (ibahah).
الدروس · lessons
التزام ما شرع اللّه لعباده وعلى الوجه الذي شرعه. كراهية التنطع في السؤال عما لم يقع والتشدد في البحث عما تركه الشارع، لأنّ ذلك قد يفضي إلى التكاليف الشاقة وهذا كان في عصر النبوة. سكوت الشريعة عن أشياء رحمة بالناس وتوسعًا لهم.
Adhering to what Allah has legislated for His servants, in the manner in which He legislated it. The dislike of excessive probing in asking about what has not occurred and of severity in inquiring about what the Lawgiver has left unaddressed, because that may lead to burdensome obligations; and this was in the age of prophethood. The law's silence about certain things is a mercy to people and an easing for them.